There are a few working systems, they all seem to depend on a rocking flipper cam whose active portion is pulled more or less in or out of action, depending on desired valve lift and timing.
Some uses a conventional cam to power the reciprocation, some uses the harmonic movement of an excenter...
To my suprise, Honda was the first mfg to make a production bike with different ignition curves for different gears. The Honda crf450 comes with a curve for 1st, one for 2nd, and then one for 3rd, 4th, and 5th, and it apparantly works. I had suspected that the 2009 Hbg might come with such an...